BS EN ISO 18589-5:2021

This standard BS EN ISO 18589-5:2021 Measurement of radioactivity in the environment. Soil is classified in these ICS categories:

• 17.240 Radiation measurements
• 13.080.01 Soil quality and pedology in general

This document describes the principles for the measurement of the activity of⁹⁰Sr in equilibrium with⁹⁰Y and⁸⁹Sr, pure beta emitting radionuclides, in soil samples. Different chemical separation methods are presented to produce strontium and yttrium sources, the activity of which is determined using proportional counters (PC) or liquid scintillation counters (LSC).⁹⁰Sr can be obtained from the test samples when the equilibrium between⁹⁰Sr and⁹⁰Y is reached or through direct⁹⁰Y measurement. The selection of the measuring method depends on the origin of the contamination, the characteristics of the soil to be analysed, the required accuracy of measurement and the resources of the available laboratories.

These methods are used for soil monitoring following discharges, whether past or present, accidental or routine, liquid or gaseous. It also covers the monitoring of contamination caused by global nuclear fallout.

In case of recent fallout immediately following a nuclear accident, the contribution of⁸⁹Sr to the total amount of strontium activity will not be negligible. This standard provides the measurement method to determine the activity of⁹⁰Sr in presence of⁸⁹Sr.

The test methods described in this document can also be used to measure the radionuclides in sludge, sediment, construction material and products by following proper sampling procedure.

Using samples sizes of 20 g and counting times of 1 000 min, detection limits of (0,1 to 0,5) Bq·kg^-1 can be achievable for⁹⁰Sr using conventional and commercially available proportional counter or liquid scintillation counter when the presence of⁸⁹Sr can be neglected. If⁸⁹Sr is present in the test sample, detection limits of (1 to 2) Bq·kg^-1 can be obtained for both⁹⁰Sr and⁸⁹Sr using the same sample size, counting time and proportional counter or liquid scintillation counter as in the previous situation.