PAS 1878:2021

This standard PAS 1878:2021 Energy smart appliances. System functionality and architecture. Specification is classified in these ICS categories:

• 97.030 Domestic electrical appliances in general
• 03.100.70 Management systems
• 27.015 Energy efficiency. Energy conservation in general
• 91.140.50 Electricity supply systems

1.1 In scope

This PAS specifies requirements and criteria that an electrical appliance needs to meet in order to perform and be classified as an energy smart appliance (ESA). It defines the attributes, the functionalities and performance criteria for an ESA, and specifies how compliance with these can be verified.

This PAS covers:

• the generic, or specific, functional requirements of ESAs, which enable the performance of DSR-based activities;

• the ESA system architecture for DSR-based activities, including communication links and object functionalities and, in particular, the interfaces between the CEM and the ESA and between the CEM and the DSRSP;

• the ESA operational sequence of DSR-based activities, including communication protocols where necessary; and

• relevant ESA lifecycle considerations.

This PAS also covers compatibility with smart meter technologies, specifically full compatibility with the GB smart metering system.

This PAS applies the following criteria in defining the requirements that are to be met by an ESA performing DSR-based activities.

• Interoperability: the ability of an ESA to work seamlessly across any appropriate DSR service operated by any authorized system actor.

• Data privacy: the secure transmission and storing of data on the device or with any controlling party.

• Grid stability: the prevention of outages on the grid caused by inappropriate operation of ESAs.

• Cyber security: the appropriate protection of ESAs from unauthorized access and the correct use of ESAs by authorized parties only in order to achieve valid DSR events.

For requirements relating to compatibility with all forms of DSR-based activity, two types of DSR are covered in detail:

• supplier/utility set electricity tariffs; and

• TSO/DSO requested services with responses called by DSRSPs (transmission and distribution network level, including grid frequency sensitive).

This PAS specifies the minimum requirements to perform these DSR-based activities, in line with the four criteria above.

This PAS covers the following electrical appliances that are used in domestic or small business settings¹⁾:

• cold appliances (see 3.1.6);

• wet appliances (see 3.1.6);

• heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) appliances (see 3.1.19);

• smart EV chargepoints (see 3.1.28); and

• battery storage.

1.2 Out of scope

This PAS does not cover:

• the deployment and functional configuration of the wider DSR environment;

• standards implied by existing relevant overarching regulation, e.g. the general safety or other aspects of the non-smart functionality of an ESA; and

• contracting, payment services or general consumer protections.

1.3 Intended audience for this PAS

This PAS is intended to be used by manufacturers of ESAs and CEMs. Other actors who might have an interest in this PAS are maintainers of ESAs, manufacturers and maintainers of interfacing products, software developers and service providers.

NOTE The specified characteristics of an ESA are complementary with the DSR environment in which it operates, which will be described in PAS 1879, as the characteristics enable the ESA to perform DSR-based activities.